Burning Down Hilbert's Hotel

A screen capture from Riven. A great game about multiverses.

There’s an idea that’s been plaguing me for a number of years since I read Max Tegmark’s article in Scientific American. What if there are infinitely many universes that have existed for all eternity? Doesn’t that imply that everything is ultimately meaningless? From a human perspective, I mean.

Think about it. If all Hubble volumes are subject to Poincare’s Recurrence Theorem and we have an endless amount of time, that means all possible arrangements of particles in a universe, no matter how unlikely, are repeated exactly infinitely many times. That means there infinitely many exact duplicates of you reading this post scattered across all infinity and eternity. On the grandest scale, you never really die, you never really change and all decisions don’t matter.

So how do you write a gripping story in a universe like that? Larry Niven mentioned this problem in his story, “All the Myriad Ways.” Of course he was only positing a very large, but always growning, number of universes. With infinity and eternity, the problem only gets worse.

The problem for science fiction authors is that you have to posit some kind of threat, some kind of conflict, even if it’s just a mental one, for the protagonists to overcome. There has to be some kind of change. But, if for example, Pace exists, in infinite duplication, over the infinity of space and time. I can’t die. Nothing really threatens me because all decisions and ramifications happen all possible ways. There are infinite number of dead mes, an infinite number of live mes.

At this point we have to define what I am. I’ll posit here that any person from any hubble volume that has my exact same genetic code is a version of me. This rules out possibilities like an Inuit or Yoruba Pace-likes. Those Pace-likes would have at least a slight variations in genetic code. This also rules out female Pace-likes or Pace-likes with genetic diseases. However it doesn’t rule out some types of homosexual Pace-likes. Homosexuality is biologically caused but in many cases it is not genetically caused. Some forms of homosexuality are due to biochemical factors during development in the womb.

Anyway, aside from that limiting criterion, that still leaves us with an enormous “Pace phase space” (Say that three times fast!) to explore.

This ramification space would contain, variations of me that never moved to Seattle from San Francisco for example, versions of me that moved to Chicago, Baltimore or Kansas City, versions where my mother died and I was adopted by my aunt or my father, versions of me that were orphaned, versions of me that stayed at Microsoft and so on. If a Gaussian distribution applies there are some versions of me in horrible circumstances and some in wonderful circumstances. But note that this balance is impossible to change. I can’t set things up so that all breaks work out for an infinite number of mes.

Or maybe I can? Actually I’m very sloppy on the math. I’ll have to look this up.

Anyway, that’s the big question for a writer trying to build a story about multiverses. How do we create a conflict that matters? How do we threaten to burn down Hilbert’s Hotel?

Posted in Science and Engineering, Science Fiction | 2 Comments

All humans are vermin in the eyes of Morbo!

If aliens were sadistic they could just infect our brains and drive us insane. Fun to think about,   huh?

I can find no rational reason for aliens to invade the Earth.

If they need energy, water, metals or radioactives there are plenty in space to mined or harvested without dealing with pesky natives. If some super-civilization needed all the metals, silicates and carbon from our asteroid belt, they could just haul it all away without ever visiting the Earth and, we could do nothing to stop it. If they needed to enclose the Sun within a dyson sphere to harvest all the energy from it, they could do so and our technology would so primitive in comparison that we could do nothing to stop it. If they wanted to mine all the silicates and iron from the Earth, they’d just pulverize it into manageable pieces by slamming a few other planets or moons into it.

In any case they’d never have to set foot on the Earth at all.

The key thing to keep in mind here is the enormous differences technology. Science fiction is often wildly inaccurate on this score because they only posit differences of a few decades or centuries. It would not be like British maxim guns versus Zulu infantry.

Either the alien creatures will be millions of years more advanced than us or we’d be millions of years more advanced than them. This is a difference that is simply impossible for us to imagine. The nearest instructive analogy would the difference between humans and mice or ants. At best the mice would be nuisance, never a real threat. HG Wells got it right the first time. There could be no more war between humans and aliens than there can be war between humans and mice.

(I have a few more thoughts about interstellar warfare which I’ll discuss later.)

Nor do they need slaves. They would have built robots and automation to do all their dirty work long before they expanded to the stars. Robots are cheaper than slaves and far easier to control.

Nor do they need to harvest rare proteins or biochemicals from us. Any rare, complex molecules they need could easily be synthesized with solar energy, local resources and nanotechnology. It’s a lot cheaper to make these molecules locally than to trek across light-years of empty space to get them.

Population growth is also a non-starter.

I do agree that colonizing other worlds is essential to a technological species to survive over very long time scales. This is because it increases redundancy. If some disaster strikes the home world, the colonies, once they are self-sufficient, and they’d have to be self-sufficient almost from their foundation, can carry on so the civilization and culture doesn’t die. I think for the best long term survival of a civilization, a species would have to differentiate into new species (More on this at another time.) and spread widely and thinly over the whole universe. They wouldn’t have to conquer the whole universe. They just have to spread little pockets of themselves everywhere. This ensures the best chances against supernovae, exploding galaxies, cometary strikes, stars evolving off the main sequence, colliding galaxies and so on.

Having said that colonizing other solar systems does absolutely nothing to control or reduce population growth in the home worlds. When humans colonized new lands in successive waves, this did almost nothing to reduce populations in the originating territories.

In fact if we don’t get our population growth firmly under control, we will never gather the resources needed to build the infrastructure needed to colonize nearby solar systems. To colonize another solar system would be an enormous strain on a local economy. It will be one of the hardest things we’ve ever done. I’m not saying it’s impossible, in fact I’m saying it’s likely in the long run. I’m just saying it’s expensive. Better to have our population under control first before having that issue drain money from our first stellar colonization effort.

So this leaves the irrational reasons.

  • Perhaps they are sadists and they can’t abide intelligent, tool-using lifeforms living in freedom in neighboring solar systems.
  • Perhaps they have some bizarre art form that requires inflicting cruelty on other species.
  • Perhaps they have religious reasons. Perhaps their religion compels them to convert all intelligent life to one way of thinking and one way of life.

Invading other solar systems just to indulge these reasons would be extremely expensive.

The next thing to consider is how old the oldest technological civilization is. If this first civilization is as nearly old as the universe, then it’s likely that most planets are already colonized by offshoots from this prime civilization. This civilization would be so advanced that no one would be stupid enough to pick a fight with them. In such a universe, territory would have to be shared and negotiated for.

If the first civilizations are still very young, while still being millions of years more advanced than we are, there are probably plenty of empty worlds for them to colonize anyway. And if not, they can manufacture their own artificial worlds out of asteroid or cometary materials.

Again none of this supports any rational reason to invade the Earth. If aliens wanted the real estate, there several comparatively simple ways to sterilize the Earth of humans and then terraform the planet to their needs. Again, I’m thinking of nanotechnological weapons here.

How would the conquest of Earth look to us? Simple. Just one day we’d all fall to sleep.

The aliens would just dust the planet with small crop of nanorobots, probably sent down with a meteorite. These robots would reproduce, infect us and study our biology for a few days. Then, upon being sent a chemical or radio signal, they’d just make a few adjustments to our biochemistry to put us all into comas. We’d never wake up again.

Afterwards they could use nanorobots to completely transform the biosphere. Like I said, HG Wells got it right the first time: We wouldn’t stand a chance against this.

But again this is just my opinion. Do any of you out there have good reasons to think that aliens will invade the Earth?

Posted in Science and Engineering, The Future | 1 Comment

Circus of the Mighty Session Log (2-24-2008)

A less cluttered section of the mighty Bida Forest

[I think this happened on February 24 of 2008. Toby had returned from his travels in Southeast Asia. The players in attendance were Ralph (Dwalor and Telwyn), Jerry (Chingara), Toby (Stirge and Thalin) and Victor (Mandark). This session ran later than most Toby was the last to leave. Experience rewards were given out at the end of the session. Basically this session details the Circus’ trip from Boha-Boha to the city of Shomo, which is about thirdway down the Kalimara River. I’m back posting this for chronological accuracy.]

After discussing the matter with Nkosazana, Hilda managed to convince the high priestess of Araku to sell the Circus the two ghost-touch spears at a third of their value. With these, the Circus set off on a road out of Boha-boha to follow Amonis’ route into the Bida. Dwalor’s recently conscripted guide, Mazi, a Ngohe from a small village in the Western Bida, would help them. The muddy trade road followed the Kalimara river along the border between the kingdoms of Taumau-Boha and Mabwe. Along its length was the Mabwian city of Shomo and it was there that the Circus, following Amonis’ plan, hope to turn into the Wakyambi lands in the Bida.

They knew the pride of ndalawo was still out there–assassins sent to kill them by the Leopard Cult. They knew the shadow cats would return. But they also didn’t want to draw this threat to the city of Boha-boha. About three days into the trip, Mandark spotted some spawn of kyuss waiting in ambush in the dense vegetation beside the road. Thalin’s fireball made quick work of them and the rest of the trip was uneventful until 3 weeks later, a 2 days away from city of Shomo, the ndalawo attacked again.

The Ndalawo Return to Claim a Mortal

Mandark spotted them floating out of the sky and, he, Hilda and Chingara were able to get a few arrow shots off but, Thalin was unable to hurl a fireball before they pounced. But perhaps Molna or Araku was protecting the Circus that day because, the monster’s strength draining power seemed to be less vicious than it was that night in Boha-boha. Even so the party was worried and hard pressed.

Dwalor chanted for Molna’s blessings and drew his ax.

Helga, who had been traveling invisibly for nearly the entire trip, was unseen by the undead and moved sixty or so feet off to one side to line up arrow shots. She new that most physical weapons, even with magical powers, simply passed straight through these monsters half of the time but, she figured, maybe if she could line some in a row, the magical arrows that missed one might have an opportunity to strike adjacent ones. Her theory turned out to be successful! Mandark, Hilda and Chingara, on elephant back, then copied her tactics.

The shadow cats surrounded both Stirge and Dwalor, the reminder surrounded Whirlwind and several broke off to chase down Hilda, Mandark and Hilda.

Stirge drove himself into the rage of berserks and struck several with his leaf spear of ghost-touch. Dwalor attempted to invoke Molna’s power but was struck several times and his spell failed.

Thalin cast a hastening spell; this affected everyone except Mandark and Telwyn. Ojo tried to wheel Whirlwind around and put some distance between the elephant, carrying Thalin, Chingara, Mazi and himself, and the ghost leopards. Telwyn, aiming things carefully, cast a fireball at a massed group of ndalawo. They were not incinerated but scortched nicely!

Facing one opponent each, Hilda, Mandark and Helga, by taking the risk by using missile weapons in melee, fared better than they might have. They steadily retreated or shifted positions to line up shots on groups of ndalawo. Chingara, on Whirlwind, was safe from immediate danger and followed the same tactics. Together they brought down several more of the beasts.

Dwalor was not doing well. His ax, which had been drained of magic in an earlier conflict, was useless against these creatures. Seeing the trouble that Dwalor was having, Stirge tossed the leaf spear to the dwarf. Dwalor was able to catch the leaf spear but, due to the strength he lost, was only able to make some headway. With his magic Axe of Compassion and his hastening, Stirge destroyed two more of the shadows.

The monsters chased after Whirlwind and Ojo lost control. Chingara was bucked off the panicking elephant. He ran to take cover in the brush. Thalin, along with Mazi and Ojo, managed to hang on. Thalin cast slow on the pursuing shadow leopards and then was thrown off Whirlwind.

Mandark, Hilda and Helga, luckily only facing one ndalawo each, were losing strength quickly but not as rapidly as Dwalor and Stirge who faced five a piece. Stirge was additionally protected given his magically enhanced superhuman strength. Normally Dwalor himself would be similarly enhanced but not this time.

Chingara, with superhuman speed, ran up to Whirlwind and used his supernatural rapport with animals to calm the raging elephant. He then vaulted up to the back of the elephant. Thalin unrolled a scroll, read from it and hurled a fireball at the slowed ndalawo hoard that where trying in vain to catch up with Whirlwind. He incinerated most of them. But one escaped by sinking into the ground. Incorporeal creatures were really annoying when they did that! Thalin briefly wondered why the ndalawo did spring up from the ground when they first attacked, like they did in Boha.

Telwyn magically enlarged Stirge and then fled into the trees to hide.

Even without a ghost-touched weapon, the enormous, berserk former orcish pirate was making making steady progress on the ghostly cats. Combined with arrow fire from Helga, Mandark and Hilda, the ndalawo where rapidly diminishing in numbers.

Dwalor is no stranger to death. He has died many times.

Chingara commanded Whirlwind to return to the others. Thalin cast flight on himself and with his hastening quickly returned to the others.

Telwyn turned himself invisible and, from his hiding place in the brush, worked to fashion a lariat.

The cats attacked and Dwalor was struck down! The shadow leopards raked Stirge a few times as well but, again, his superhuman strength, although rapidly diminishing, protected him. But Stirge was deep in his rage, he was a giant and he was making progress, even without the ghost-touch weapon. He was whirling orcish death!

Hovering above the battle, Thalin sparked a lightening bolt between three of the shades. Hilda, Helga and Mandark, all greatly weakened by the paw strikes of the cats, turned invisible and fled into the bush to hide. Thalin’s lightening strike took care of their pursuers. Telwyn ran out from the brush invisibly and then used his lasso to distract one of the creatures fighting Stirge. The remaining creatures converged on Stirge but they were only a few.

And then something truly horrifying occurred. Only a few moments after the dwarf was drained of all strength, a wraith-like form arose from Dwalor’s corpse. A new ndalawo! This creature struck a few times at Stirge and then disappeared into the ground. Thalin’s scrying for undead could not detect it.

The two remaining creatures were quickly destroyed.

A wooden bridge, probably under frequent repair, outside Shomo.

The Road to Shomo

The Circus gathered and assessed their predicament. Dwalor was dead–worse than dead–for his soul had been taken and reshaped into a monster. Many in the party, including Whirlwind, were greatly drained of strength. They knew from their earlier battle with these creatures that their strength would slowly heal and recover but, they knew that would take too long. They needed magical healing. They also needed to consult preists and priestesses to see if something could be done about Dwalor.

They reformed into a marching order and resume their hike to the city of Shomo.

Posted in Circus of the Mighty, Games, Udra | 1 Comment

My History with Gizmo Wristwatches

The Casio C 80 calculator watch. It's a nerd thang,   you got to understand!

When I was in college back in the middle Eighties, I had a Casio calculator watch. This was the expensive apotheosis of nerdery back then. In the Eighties Japan was kicking everyone’s ass in consumer electronics. At the time microchips had become so cheap that towards the end of the decade, they were giving away cheap watches in cereal boxes. Smart people in the wristwatch industry–that is to say, nobody in Switzerland or the US–realized that the only way to keep the prices up was to jam more functions in the box, thus the Casio C 80 calculator watch. Walking around with this thing strapped to my wrist made me feel like Mr. Spock or Dr. Who.

Anyway, fast forward to the beginning of the Twenty-first Century.

My Xonix wristwatch, which served me very well for more than four years partially broke several months ago. Actually it would have served even longer. It’s just that I broke the stem for the analog watch when trying to replace its battery. I now have no way of setting the watch but, everything else still works–the digital recorder, the thumb drive, the ear buds, everything. In our diminished expectations of product quality in these modern times, I consider that pretty good endurance. But if the analog watch doesn’t work, I just can’t stand to wear it on my wrist. I’m keeping it as spare parts for a friend’s Xonix watch of the same model.

The Xonix 512 MP3. Respect!

I bought the thing back in 2004 for about 120 dollars:

  • It was a USB thumb drive with 512 mebibytes of memory
  • It could play WAV and MP3 files and had a very simple equalizer–more a four mode tone control really.
  • It was a simple digital audio recorder with a condenser microphone on the band
  • And it was a wristwatch

I probably could have got it for less in 2004 if I really shopped around. Regardless, it’s 2008 and things have not stood still in the faceless electronics foundries of China. (Now China is kicking everyone’s ass in cheap consumer electronics.)

For about 60 to 80 dollars I can now get a watch with:

  • A 4.6 cm diagonal screen for video, ASCII text and still image display
  • A USB2 thumb drive with 4 gibibytes of memory
  • FM radio reception and recording
  • A player that supports JPEG, MP3, WMA, BMP, WAV and a proprietary extension to MPEG-4 called MTV.
  • Display of ASCII text files
  • A digital audio recorder

I don't even know who manufactures this thing!

Anyway, for me in these post-Linux days, the deal breaker is the lack of format support. It’s hard finding wristwatches with Ogg Vorbis support or that fully implement published video formats. Sorry but, MTV and AMV are not published formats. They’re just undocumented binary cooked up by bright sparks in Chinese gadget houses. I don’t want to have to convert video files as I move from platform to platform. I want to encode things once and expect every serious gadget to support it.

So I’m still looking around. At the moment the perfect wristwatch would have at least 6 gibibytes of storage, full support for Ogg Vorbis and full support of major video formats. What I’d like to do is devote 2 gibibytes of storage to install Linux or XP and then use the thing to fix machines with broken boot records. The remainder of space I’d use to save and play music, images, video and data.

For me, it would fire my nerd pride circuits if I walk around with my super-watch strapped on, shaking my head all the squares with their iPods. I would literally be marching to the beat of a different drummer.

I hope to live to see the day when these watches are powerful enough to store a human personality. Never say never.

Posted in Miscellaneous, Personal | Comments Off on My History with Gizmo Wristwatches

Hm, it's been a while since I've said anything

So I haven’t wrote anything here for all of January and most of December. Actually I’ve been writing up tentative entries on the bus to and from work but nothing has jelled up into a good article to post here.

It’s the digital equivalent of the horror of the blank page that all authors must face at some point. Sometimes something comes, sometimes it seems like it’s all been said and said by people smarter than you.

One of the ways I think I can get around this problem is to talk about my hobbies. I have a game session coming up and that will give me a write up then. My gaming pals love my summaries of game sessions. But I could broaden this by talking about table-top role-playing games in general. (Sigh. I remember when just saying role-playing games was sufficient. But software has changed all this now.):

  • I did start a couple of entries on the history of my role-playing campaign: Udra. I really should finish this up.
  • I could make these histories very detailed or at least as detailed as my memory and 29 year old paper can allow for.
  • I could talk about table-top RPGs in general. Commentaries of rules and variations. I’ve done a little of this already. For example I could talk about how to use computers to aid in bookkeeping and note-taking in game sessions. It would great to have a computerized miniatures map that would help everyone keep track of the physics. As a game master, I’d love to have this so I could concentrate on the descriptive stuff and mood.

Anyway, stuff maybe some other subjects will come to me. I’ve been thinking about ways to force people to use encrypted mail and whether I want to sign up for EVDO service for example. Something will come.

Posted in Games, Personal | Comments Off on Hm, it's been a while since I've said anything

Science articles I've read over the last month

Since at least Arthur C. Clarke’s Against the Fall of Night the idea of mind taping has been knocking around in science fiction for decades. Some examples are William Gibson’s Dixie Flatline and Frederik Pohl’s heechee prayer fans. A particularly good portrayal of how this might be done is Rudy Rucker’s Software. When roboticist Hans Moravec speculated how it might be done in his book Mind Children, some people began to take the idea seriously, giving the concept the rather inaccurate name of “mind downloading.” (Which is silly because downloading and uploading merely mean to copy files to and from a local machine to machines on a network.)

So I’ve following developments in medical imaging technology closely for many years now.

Recent Developments in Brain Mapping

With each new technique, we are getting steadily better at mapping the brain. Computational neurologists at MIT and the Max Planck Institute have developed tools to speed up the mapping of brain tissue on the neuronal scale. The hope is that these tools will automate the process. With current techniques mapping one cortical column in the human brain takes 3 billion work years to complete. With these new tools it is hoped to cut this down to 2 work years. The ultimate goal is to quickly generate a complete, wiring diagram of any mammalian brain. This also has significant application to the Blue Brain Project.

Unfortunately for us science fiction buffs, these new tools still only work with dead brain tissue–it has to be microtomed and then exposed to highly focused electron beams. But perhaps, as fMRI and other noninvasive imaging tools improve in resolution, these automated mapping tricks can be used.

So why is this relevent? Well basically, assuming you can accept certain philosophical positions about the mind and brain, if you can capture a molecular resolution recording of a human brain, you’ve pretty much copied and stored that person’s mind. Using this snapshot you could then, for example, direct microscopic robots shape fresh brain tissue in a cloned body, thus bring a copy of person back from death.

It also can help immensely with the development of artificial intelligence. Current artificial intelligence research is a pathetic joke in comparison to the early predictions made back in the 1950s but, at least now workers in this field realize that it may be required to reverse engineer the mechanisms mammalian brains use to generate consciousness. These new imaging techniques will help us figure out how the tricks were done.

Recent Developments in Longevity Research

The other science fiction staple is rejuvenation and longevity drugs. One only has to the think of Larry Niven’s boosterspice.

It has been extensively documented for several decades that diets that ensure full nutrition but also significantly restrict calorie intake extend the lives of yeast, round worms, fruit flies, mice and now, perhaps even rhesus monkeys. These organisms, given diets like this, also seem to have a strong resistance to many illnesses associated with aging, cardiovascular breakdown, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, etc. In the last twenty years, starting with Cynthia McKenyon’s ground breaking work, much has been learned about the genetics and biochemistry behind this phenomenon. There is still an enormous amount that we don’t know but things have matured to a point where there are now startup drug companies looking to build and sell drugs based around what we’ve learned about these metabolic pathways.

These are not being touted as longevity drugs. To do so would probably be marketing suicide as people would associate them with quackery. But these drugs will be developed and marketed as preventatives for neurodegeneration, cancer, heart disease, stroke and so on. If, decades down the road, we discover that these drugs also have life extending effects so much the sweeter.

Anyway, these developments combined with steady progress in biotech research–despite silly political pandering to extremes on both the left and right–means that if I take good care of myself, I might live a very long time indeed.

Recent Articles in Xenobiology

I recently read an article by Paul Davies in Scientific American about the possibility of the existence of microbial alien life somewhere on the Earth. The article was interesting for a several reasons. He posits at least four ways extraterrestrial life could be different from earthly life:

  • It could be composed of proteins, sugars, nucleic acids and other molecules that are isomers of Earth life. The molecules are composed of the same atoms as ours but their molecules are mirror images of ours. Right-handed as opposed to left-handed and so on.
  • Exotic life could using the same isomers but it could be using different amino acids from Earth life. There are at least 20 different kinds of amino acids used by all Earth life but chemists know of many more not found in organisms.
  • It could use arsenic as opposed to phosphorus. Arsenic is a deadly poison precisely because it mimics phosphorus so well. Alien life could have grown around arsenic instead of phosphorus. To this life phosphorus would be deadly poison.
  • Then there is the tired old cliche of silicon-based life. Silicon is nearly as flexible as carbon when it comes to bonding structure. Silicon is heavier but the molecules it can make are as complex.

Anyway, what interested me about this article was the idea of arsenic life. As a long time science fiction reader, I’ve never come across this. Not even Hal Clement wrote anything about it and Clement posited some really weird biologies.

The other thing the article mentioned was the idea of finding alien microbes somewhere in the biosphere of the Earth. It was weird to consider looking down instead of up to find alien organisms. I’ve had a vaguely similar idea myself a few years ago. I’ll explain this in a minute.

I read another article that covered older ground in the SETI debate. Many of you out there are probably familiar with the Fermi Paradox. To paraphrase–given the age of the universe, it’s possible that there could be some very sophisticated and ancient tool using civilizations out there. Why don’t we see evidence of them? Some have used this to suggest that intelligent tool building life is extremely rare in the universe for various astrophysical, geochemical, biological and ethological reasons.

This article was interesting to me because it quickly summed up just how hard it really is to detect undirected radio signals from nearby stars let along distant ones or distant galaxies.

This one particularly struck me because, despite being familiar with the inverse square law, I never really crunched the numbers on this. It turns out that the sky could be flooded with the feeble broadcasts of distant civilizations and we’d never know it because our antennae are too small. Even the mighty Arecibo and VLA dishes aren’t sensitive enough. Even linking these dishes in interferometry arrays isn’t sensitive enough. We’d have to put some big dishes on the Moon and then link them with ones on Earth to make a receiving array that’s big enough to sense the FM broadcasts of civilizations around even nearby stars.

SETI is counting on highly focused and powerful radio signals.

I knew SETI was hard but I really didn’t realize how hard until I saw the numbers.

On the plus side, this reminds me that proponents of the Rare Earth Hypothesis might be premature. We really don’t know one way or the other yet. SETI is basically an instrumentation problem.

Both these articles made me think of searching our biosphere for alien micro- and nanomachines. Evidence for alien tool users might literally be in the dust at our feet and we’d never know it. To search for these things would be at least as hard as trying to detect radio signals. If we could grind up the entire biosphere and sift though it making systematic counts of all the microbial life maybe we’d find some microscopic robots. The compilation of such a enormous microscopic catalog would be enormously slow and, in a sense, is already being done by our microbiologists anyway.

Posted in Science and Engineering | Comments Off on Science articles I've read over the last month

Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar–

Apologies for perpetuating this meme but,   the cake is a lie!

Nearly a month ago, my friend Victor bought and downloaded Portal, a first person action game that involves puzzles, the legacies of faceless defense corporations and bizarre physics. He invited me to try my hand at it.

The game very strongly reminded me of Paranoia, right down to the jumpsuits and manipulative, deranged robots. For me, this game was rather refreshing in that it wasn’t your typical paintball session in software where those with the fastest hardware, the most practice, the least RSI and the fastest connections usually pulverize everyone else.

In games like that, I quickly degenerate into kamikaze mode simply because I can’t stack up the patience to do them well. I’d have the wrists of an 80 year old if I did anyway. (On the other hand, people like to play me in first person shooters and melee combat games because they get a kick out of how I transform into this insanely giggling manic–ahem–I can be quite childish for a 44 year old guy.)

In Portal, sort of like Thief or Metal Gear (Although Metal Gear did have some incredibly frustrating button mash events that I almost gave up on.), you’re given some tools and then you got to figure your way out the predicament you’re in. Dangerous events are immediately fatal, thus more realistic, but at least no one is immediately trying to eat your brains or blow you to bits.

It turns out there are some other ways this game is subversive to the usual shoot ’em ups. I guess Joe McNeilly, the guy I just linked to, might be over-analysing things too much but I’m pretty sure the folks over at Valve Software did seriously consider at least some of these issues while designing the game. With Half-Life, Valve became known for trying to depart from cliche and keep the escapism on a vaguely cerebral level. Nice to see they are still doing that.

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Circus of the Mighty Session Log

My attempt to use GIMP to make a picture of the ndalawo

[Victor, Greg and Ralph in attendance on 11-18-2007 between 3:30PM until about 9:30PM. Greg was running Thalin and Chingara. Victor was running Mandark and Stirge. Ralph was running Dwalor and Telwyn. Hilda and Helga started off in Greg and Ralph’s hands but when combat started, Victor was mostly calling the tactics. The Circus is currently in the City of Boha-Boha which is in the western end of the Twin Kingdoms of Taumau-Boha at the head of the Kalimara River.]

When we left the Circus they were making plans to capture, or at least defeat, Lord Alif.

Alif was an important man within the mysterious Leopard Cult. As the result of Thalin’s scrying, Hilda’s questioning of the two spies the Circus had captured and several other related facts, they learned that this mysterious cult of criminals, assassins and shapechangers was now after the Circus and was somehow in alliance with at least two of their old foes, Chebo and Marvek. Although the pattern of connections wasn’t entirely clear yet, these cultists also were involved with the ancient evils of the Kosan and expunged history of the mysterious King in Yellow.

More importantly, as Thalin had long ago expected and had taken precautions against, the Circus was now being scryed on and their movements and activities followed.

Madu’s Answers

Madu, one of Alif’s spies that Hilda, Helga and Mandark had captured yesterday, was quite cooperative in his interrogation. He told them that Lord Alif recruited spies in Boha-boha, a large city in the western portion of the United Kingdoms of Taumau and Boha. These spies were organized in a cell structure, each one only know two or three others. Ordinarily these spies would report to Alif once a month. This was how Alif and the Leopard Cult kept track of things in foreign lands and far flung cities and villages. Madu had no idea how long cult was building their spy network. He was only a recent recruit of little more than a year. He had very little knowledge of the inner workings of the cult.

But Madu had heard rumors and old stories though and these he was willing to share with the Circus.

According to Madu, the Leopard Cult originally began about a century and half ago, as a chauvanist, nationalist terror group opposed to the arrival of aliens and foreign trade from lands in the Far West, across the ocean. Cloaked in leopard skins and armed with distinctive claw-like knives, its members ritualistically murdered foreign merchants for several years before being repressed by local chiefs and kings in the Samaki and other western nations.

There was then a period of quiet from which the cult arose anew. This time the cult’s ranks were filled with irimu (ih-REE-mu), shapechangers who could assume the form of human or leopard. With this change in membership, the focus of the cult had changed. No longer interested in driving out foreigners, the cult now operated more like an organized crime family, slowly building wealth and influence over a growing area. Over the next century, many dismissed the cult as mere shapechanging criminals but, rumors continued to persist that the wereleopard bosses of the cult had a secret, visionary goal that transcended mere greed and vice. The cult was always closely allied with illegal worship of evil gods.

Madu, and his fellow spies, were recruited by Lord Alif to keep him informed as to events in Boha-boha. This was probably a prelude to extending cult control over the city’s criminal element but Alif’s questions and orders lead Madu and others to suspect there was another plan aside from criminal empire building. Alif gave special orders to seek out information about the sacred weapon of the Theocracy of Bashar’ka, the Great Udamalore.

Six months earlier Madu and others informed Alif of arrival in Boha-boha of the Gamba, Amonis.

Amonis, as Mandark had learned in a brief conversation with him nearly two years ago, was searching for the Udamalore. There was an enormous gift of land being offered by Queen Nyathera, ruler of the Theocracy of Bashar’ka, for the return of the Udamalore. Apparently she had received visions about it. She believed it was important for her country’s future. Now, there many heroes and heroines searching for it.

Upon hearing of Amonis’ plans to search in the Bida for the Udamalore, Alif paid Madu and his comrades well and told them to keep watch for any others seekers. That was the last Madu heard of the matter.

Madu informed Hilda that Alif often contacted one member within his cell of spies once a month, usually in disguise and in person. But sometimes Alif was able to contact his spies by magical spells like sending and dream visions. Alif’s next meeting was in two weeks time at Mother Kas’ open air cafe–as described briefly in our last installment.

The Circus began to make plans to prepare for this event.

The Ndalawo Attack!

This isn't really what the ndalawo look like. It's just a great cat attacking some hapless town dweller in broad daylight

Three nights later, the Circus was attacked as they slept in their rooms at the inn they were staying. The inn was a collection of six small houses; the innkeeper rented the two on the end. As was always the practice, they set watches and magical alarms. As it turned out, these were critical in saving their lives. Stirge and Mandark were on watch, each sitting on the roof of the two huts the innkeeper had rented them. Mandark, as was his habit, was invisible. But it was not the watch that spotted the assassins.

Suddenly Thalin’s magic mouths, placed on the doors of these huts, shouted in alarm! Everyone awoke on their cots to be pounced on by shadowy, incorporeal leopards! The creatures flew up out of the ground to attack. Several flew straight through the roof to attack Stirge.

Thalin was so badly mauled that he lost consciousness immediately. Everyone else, except Mandark, who was not attacked likely due to his invisibility, was severely wounded by the claws and the bites of these creatures. It was not only the blood-loss and lacerations, the creatures also were able to sap a person’s strength and vitality. Those that did not lose consciousness immediately found their muscle strength greatly reduced. Waves of nausea and chills passed over them. All during their vicious clawing and biting strikes, the creatures made no sound at all, no snarls, no roaring, no growling. It was very eerie.

It was good that the alarms were placed for otherwise it would have been certain and immediate death for all that slept.

Helga, badly wounded and risking blows from her foes, jumped to Hilda’s cot and enveloped her with the Cape of the Mountebank. With this, she formed a dimensional connection to the elephant pens outside the city wall where Ojo and Whirlwind slept.

Chingara was also struck many times but luckily was wearing a magical belt that gave him superhuman strength. He risked the parting attacks from his foes and managed to flee out of his hut, drinking a hasting potion. He assumed, correctly, that if he could run fast enough the creatures couldn’t catch him, flying or not.

Dwalor, also badly wounded, had a hunch, perhaps an inspiration from Molna. These great cats seemed like undead creatures he’d met before. Two years ago, in the gnomish lands of Mademba, the Circus fought a race of ghostly giants known as the Rom. They too were incorporeal. Perhaps these cats were also among the undead. He stood his ground and called on Molna to drive them away.

Telwyn, wounded, managed to flee but the bulk of creatures in his hut, a squad of seven, pursued and struck him down. Perhaps he was dead.

Mandark tried to shoot the creatures through the venting hole in the roof of his hut but, even with his great skill and arcane bow all of the arrows failed to hit. The shadow leopards weren’t solid; it was clear that ordinary attacks wouldn’t be very effective. Things were looking bad. Two of the major spell casters appeared to be dead, nearly everyone in the party was badly wounded and these creatures seemed to be impossible to hurt.

Stirge was struck many times and took many vicious wounds. Were it not for his belt of giant strength he surely would have fallen. He took a swing at the creatures but, he too remembered the Rom and knew it was useless without some kind of magical attack. He saw Telwyn run out of his hut and fall immediately to the ghost leopards that followed. Trusting that his magical belt would protect him, he risked the strikes of his opponents as he fled them by jumping off the roof. His plan was to run inside the hut to see what help he could offer.

Hilda and Helga, took their dimensional doorway all the way to the elephant yard outside the city wall, where Ojo and Whirlwind were staying the night. Emerging from the ether, they both immediately gulped a potion of flight each and soared into the air on the way back to the inn.

Mandark, seeing Chingara flee into the alleys across the street from the inn, decided to do the same. He returned to invisibility, jumped down off the roof and fled into the houses where Chingara fled. The pack of cats that ran down Telwyn scattered to join the ones running after Chingara.

Stirge run into the hut and grabbed Thalin.

Hilda and Helga, who’d turned invisible on the way back, descended from the sky to carry away Telwyn.

[To tell the truth I kind of forgot how Dwalor escaped any more attacks. Ralph can you remind me so I can correct this?

Victor reminded me a few days later that Dwalor survived through some amount of luck. He went the first two rounds of combat with fairly few hits on him and then, an invisible Stirge came and carried him away. I forgot to mention that Stirge was invisible and flying, by the way.]

The monsters, after running into the alleyway in pursuit of Chingara seemed have disappeared. Dwalor came out and began healing Thalin and Telwyn, who appeared to be dead. It was discovered ordinary healing magic did no good but potions of Bull Strength could revive them.

Morning slowly came and the monsters did not return. Chingara and Mandark spent a long night hiding among the alleys and buildings, successful only because their pursuers fanned out over greater and greater distances in search of them. Eventually the party regathered in the morning when the streets became populated again and it was clear that no more attacks were occurring or alarm being raised over monsters on the prowl.

Someone [I can’t remember which character had this idea.], considering the creatures as undead, had the clever idea of gathering on consecrated ground in a temple devoted to a god of purity or virtue. Thalin and Helga thought of one obvious choice: Araku the Smith.

The Circus Gathers at the Forge of Araku

Smiths in Western Equatorial Africa using a a fan forge to shape a large knife.

[And here a parenthetical comment. Araku is lawful good and considered a patron of all warriors since many gomba in Nyambe use weapons of iron and steel. In the realm of war, he is probably more like Athena than Ares–Righteous victory through cleverness or defensive war rather than simple bloodlust and violence. Udra doesn’t really have a close equivalent to this. But actually, as Thalin and Hilda discovered, Morgelt is the Udran name given to Araku. On the other hand, Morgelt really has no craftsman aspect. This face of worship in Udra is entirely dropped in favor of Dacron, God of Craftsmen.

And for you fervent followers of Ummanah out there. In Nyambe he is known as Nimbala Ummanah, Nimbala the Judge. In Nyambe he is considered a Lawful Good god, whereas in Udra his worshippers consider him more strongly Lawful Neutral and just worship him as Ummanah and assign him responsibility over farming and bounty of the land. In Nyambe, Nimbala’s aspects are politics, laws, the Sun and healing.]

As near as Thalin could tell Araku’s worshipers were blacksmiths, gamba soldiers, laborers of all sorts and the Doctors of Iron. He was a god devoted to goodness, law and strength through hard work. Not knowing any better alternatives in Boha-boha, The Circus ran to the Forges of Araku.

[An here I change where we left it off. The rest is invention on my part. If this changes something that you think is key to your characters survival that I forgot, please let me know so change this ending slightly to incorporate it.]

This was the temple in Boha-boha devoted to Araku. It was staffed by several n’anga [priests and priestesses.] and inyanga yensimbi [Doctors of Iron. I’ll explain the Doctors of Iron in the next installment.]. It was headed by a tall, heavyset priestess named Nkosazana. Nkosazana was apparently a very skilled smith in addition to being n’anga of Araku. She certainly had the strength for it. The Circus came upon her as she lifting heavy sacks of coal and bundles of wood into a wheelbarrow.

Hilda explained what had happened to them in the earlier morning. Nkosazana was very disturbed by this news and gave a few short orders to her assistants who immediately lit fires in braziers around the periphery of the temple, which was mostly open to the air.

Nkosazana said, “You have met the shade leopards [The word she used for this is “ndalawo.”]. They are powerful evil spirits, unlife that hunts to feed on the living. They appear to us as ghostly leopards and walls pose no barrier as they can fly straight through them. Their attacks don’t merely gore the flesh, they sap your strength and vitality. The Ndalawo are extremely difficult to destroy or strike as most common weapons simply pass right through them. The rules of this mortal world don’t seem to apply to them at all!

“Never have I heard of the attacking such numbers. You did right to flee. Considering how badly they wounded you all, you did right to flee. You said it was twenty to twenty five? Never do they hunt in such numbers. I fear there must be some organizing power behind this attack. Your mask maker and sei need to have their strength restored before those potions expire or they will fall into coma again only to rise as one of the ndalawo.”

Nkosazana cast strength healing magic over Thalin and Telwyn, expecting nothing in return however, she did ask Hilda as many questions as she could about their attackers.

“This is holy ground, warded and protected by Araku. The cats will not come here out of fear of Araku’s might. I think we do have some gris-gris that can wound and perhaps even kill the Ndalawo but given the number in the first attack, I don’t think you will be safe until you find out who is leading these monsters and do something to stop them. The shadow leopards will otherwise return again and again until your magic is exhausted and you are all dead. Worse than dead, for you will join their ranks!

“Also, to be frank, I fear for my city. As long as you are here, drawing their wrath, the cats may strike other innocents, less formidable than you, in the streets. If we share this news with our king and his advisors, they may just turn you outside the walls to protect the city.”

[And here is where we leave it until next time. Again, if there any oversights or omissions, especially in my account of the fight, please let me know so I can correct things.]

Posted in Circus of the Mighty, Games, Udra | 6 Comments

Got the curry? Not to worry!

Yeah, I’ve ranted about this before. I think it bears repeating.

What is Thanksgiving for? Really?

If it’s supposed to celebrate national identity, we’ve already got a zillion holidays for that, Veteran’s Day and Independence Day for starts–and some that some of you out there wouldn’t consider as days of national pride like MLK Day and Labor Day.

Is it really for gratitude?

Well, this I could understand for the Puritans but, it wasn’t God that saved them. There was no divine providence that saved them from the fate of the Roanoke Colony–starvation, exposure and death. It was the Native Americans who saved them. It was the Native Americans who taught them what local foods were safe to eat and taught them farming techniques that would work in this strange land. If anything Thanksgiving should be a day of gratitude towards the nations of Native America, not God. Yes, thanks to the natives for providing a modicum of challenge and danger. (Thank you William S. Burroughs!) On the other hand, from the native prospective, Thanksgiving might be a really depressing day, marking the beginning of the end.

Is it really a religious holiday? Is it a religious holiday of gratitude towards the sky demons for not killing us once again in the onset of winter? No religion is short of those. Organized religion mostly consists of holy days about stuff like that–so no shortage there.

And again, who should we be grateful to? Really? Sky demons? We should be grateful to and for each other. Grateful for the help of friends and strangers who get us through the rough spots. We try–not that well actually, we are such slackers in this regard–to keep each other warm in the endless, timeless cosmic dark. That is the only place where the gratitude should go. The rest is blind chance. Why be grateful for blind luck?

The food sucks. If only founders of this country had come from Italy, Arabia, Thailand, China or India then, I’d almost want to believe in divine providence!

Posted in Personal | 2 Comments

Narnia for Atheists?

A few hours ago a friend sent me mail about Philip Pullman’s fantasy series His Dark Materials. One of the novels in this series was recently made into a movie called The Golden Compass. Apparently there is some controversy over this series, which I have not read and only heard about recently, that the books are propaganda for atheism posing as genre literature.

As an atheist, I don’t quite see what the problem is. Isn’t that what C.S. Lewis did with for Christianity with his Narnia series? If His Dark Materials becomes the atheist’s Narnia, fair is fair.

A long parenthetical comment follows:

I must admit I haven’t read the Narnia books either. Look, cut me some slack, okay? I just forced myself to slog through Tolkien’s Middle Earth simply because the movies compelled everyone to tell me to read the damn books. I don’t enjoy books as much if I feel somehow compelled to read them. I always enjoy books better if I come to them voluntarily.

I’m not much of a fantasy reader, especially if it gets elevated to “Grand Classics of Western Literature” status but, neither have I touched Harry Potter. I’m a science fiction nerd. The fantasy genre just doesn’t fire me up like SF does. This is paradoxical since I really liked the steampunk-ish Bas-Lag series of China Miéville and I like some of Lovecraft’s more science fiction-y short stories. And I play role-playing games based on fantasy even though I hardly read any fantasy.

Fantasy and horror genre stories often have profound fears and hatreds of the future and the unknown running through them. The story often centers around attempts to restore or return to a golden age. The old days are often portrayed as better than current, uncertain times. Or there is always some cautionary tale about people meddling with things they shouldn’t, things better left in the dark corners of the universe. Horror stories often have it that people get badly punished for merely being curious. This really bothers me whenever I try to consider them seriously as elevating fiction.

As escapism they don’t satisfy for me since there really isn’t a way, short of changing the laws of physics to allow for magic and the supernatural, for their imagined worlds to exist.

On the other hand, science fiction is often shot through with faster-than-light travel, time travel, travel to other universes and even–shudder–psychic powers. These are things we have no evidence for so, I guess my objections to fantasy and horror don’t really hold any water.

It’s this dichotomy between fantasy and science fiction that is one of the reasons why I liked Pitch Black better than Chronicles of Riddick. The former is more a noir, straight science fiction story with a bio-engineered criminal that, after a Zulu Dawn-like last stand, discovers that he has a conscience. The latter is more like Star Wars or Conan–there is magic and a barbarian defeats an evil empire to become an uneasy king–which is kind of disappointing since they really could have taken Riddick in the same direction that Bester took Gully Foyle or, if necessary, where Dick took Mercerism.

Anyway, let’s return to the main thing I wanted to write about.

Every year various religions all around the world are allowed to indoctrinate children with hardly any criticism. Most of this stuff isn’t even formalized propaganda like Sunday school. Most of it is just spook stories we tell kids to avoid painful subjects like where babies come from or why people die and so on. Hardly anyone bats an eye at actively deceiving children with Santa Claus, the tooth fairy or other god-lite nonsense.

So, to be fair, where is the harm in writing a few stories that give atheism-lite or “science is way, way cool” to the kids?

Besides it could be much worse. It’s not like someone is forcing children to watch Johnny Got His Gun. (If anyone has ever read the book or seen the movie, you’ll know its deeply atheist message that I’m talking about.)

On the other hand, I’m a little leery of picking fights or actively propagandizing anyone about anything.

Dawkins and others–I guess because they’re just so heartily sick and tired of little or no progress on this front or they are fearful of world destroying technology winding up in the hands of fanatics–are now looking to pick fights with religion. I’m still rather undecided about this.

For many years I used to be unashamedly elitist about atheism: it’s not for wanna-bes and joiners and is better for it. I thought, if you need ghost stories to calm your fears over living in a meaningless universe, fine, it’s your life. I was of the opinion that atheists shouldn’t try to actively proselytize anyone because that’s precisely the sort stuff we are against religion for. Think for yourself, damn it, right? Use the scientific method and think for yourself!

Also I know that, philosophically, agnosticism is really the safe position–nobody knows, nobody may never know. But for me improbability is enough to assume nonexistence.

I’ve got a lot of friends whom I care for deeply who believe a lot of silly things. I just accept it just like they accept me and my silly notions.

Posted in Books, Movies, Personal | 4 Comments